Cutting-tool and holder therefor



P. T..LENNON.

CUTTING "(00L AND HOLDER THERlEFO-R.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. II, 1920 Ava-fire; PATRICK 7' LIN/v0 lrronmsr UNITED STATES PATENT. orrica rarnrcx '1'. Lmmon, 0F CLEVELAND, omo.

CUTTING-TOOL AND HOLDER THEREFOR.

Application filed October 11, 1920. Serial No. 416,009.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PATRICK T. LENNON, a citizen. of the United States, residing at Cleveland in the county of Cuyahoga and State of hio, have invented a certaln new and' useful Improvement in Cutting-Tools and Holders Therefor, of whichthe following; is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to metal cutting tools and holders thereforand is especially concerned with cutting tools formed with approved angles during their manufacture, and with holders for mounting such tools with proper side clearance at a cutting edge.

One object of the invention is to provide a cutting tool" so shapedduring its manufacture that no subsequent alteration of cross section is necessary to form an approved cut- 171115 angle.

' nother object is to provide a cutting tool so shaped during its manufacture that no.

, subsequent alteration of cross section is necting tool with suitable side clearance at essary to form a plurality of approved cuttin angles.

nother object is to provide a cutting tool having a cuttmg ed e, each end of which is suited to either rig t or left hand cutting vzvltlhout alteration of the cross section of the Another object is to provide a cutting tool havin a plurality of cutting edges,. each end 0 each edge being adaptable to either right or left hand cutting without altera-.

tion of the cross'section of the tool. I

Another object is to provide an improved form of tool holder adapted to hold a cutcutting edge.

Other objects'more or less ancillary to the foregoin will be pointed out in the appended speci v cation.

In the class of cutting tools to whichthis invention relates and with which I am 'familiar, some tools 'have cuttin angles formed wholly, and others have t e angles formed in part during the manufacture "of the tool stock, as by. suitably rolling the stock. When the cutting angle 'is only partly so formed the cross section of the tool must be altered, as by grinding, preliminary to use, to obtain an approved cut- Spcciflcationot Letters l'atent.

which is the cutting ange general Patented Aug.

ting angle and the cutting edge is adaptable only to one hand cutting. When the on ting angle is formed wholly during the m nufacture of the stock, not more than one-cutting edge is provided and this-edge, at each end of the tool, is not adaptable to either of cutting tool and holder assembled for" ri ht hand cutting.

1g. 2 is anend view ofi the tool and holder shown in Fig. 1 but assembled for left hand cutting.

Fig. 3 is a perspective View of the tool,

Fig. 4 is. a cross section of the tool, Fig. 3. F 1g. 5' is across section of a modified form of tool.

.Figs. 6 and 7 are respectively: a viewinperspective of a length of tool stock as it comes from the rollin mill, one method of severing the tools being indicated; and a cross section of the tool stock.

Figs. 8 and 9 are a side and end elevation respectively of "a holder adapted to hold my" improved form of tool for right hand cuttin I n Figs. 1 2, 8 and 9, the tool is mounted inan opening 2 inthe head'portion 3 of the holder 4. A set screwv 5 serves to retain the tool in position in the holder. The tool ,1,

which is substantially a rhombus in" cross section, has two diagonally opposed cutting edges 6 and 7 each formed by two surfaces of the tool intersecting at substantially equal, acute cuttin angles, a, as is clearly shown in Fi 4. base particular cutting angles, a, 1g. 4- are ap roxim'ately- 60,

y pproved for cuttin wrought lron, machine and tool steel. howder with, a side clearanceof about 7 deen positioned in the.

grees, a top rake of about 23 degrees is pro: vided which is generally accepted as being suitable for such metals.

. Since theproper cutting angle is thus provided in finished form during the manufacture of the stock, no further alteration of the cross section of the tool is necessary to prepare it for use. Sharp edges and corners resulting from the severing of the tools from the tool stock must, however, be removed. When this is done, as by grinding or sharpening, the'tool is ready for use.

Front clearance may be provided with a minimum of labor when the tool stock is cut into the ordinary tool lengths as indicated in Fig.6 or may beprovided by grindingjust prior to using.

Each end of the cutting edge 6 of tool 1 is adaptable to either right or left hand cutting. In Fig. 1 the tool is mounted with the edge 6 arranged for right hand cutting, while in Fig. 2 the same cutting edge is used for left hand cutting. To use cutting edge 7, the tool is simply reversed in the holder. to bring this edge uppermost.

In Fig.5 a tool 10 having a substantially Y rhomboid' cross section and two cutting edges 11 and 12 is shown. One edge 11 formed by surfaces of the tool meeting at a cuttingangle, a, of about 60, is similar to the edges 6 and 7 of tool 1. The other edge, 12

is formed by surfaces meeting at a cutting angle, 6, of about 75, which is the angle generally approved for cutting such metals as cast iron and brass. When a tool with edge 12 in cutting position is properly mounted in a holder with a side clearance of about 5 degrees, a top rake of about 10 degrees is provided. Either of the edges 11 andv 12 may be used for right or left hand cutting as described above in connection with tool 1.

It will be understood that any approved or desired cutting angle or any combination of different angles may be thus provided in a tool.

Tools constructed in accordance with my invention possess great strength and good heat conducting capacity in comparison with the ordinary tools due to the amount and distribution of metal, and to the fact that this metal is not ground away before use. The longer diagonal of the cross section being in the direction of thrust, insures maximum strength in the tool while the large cross section rapidly conducts heat away from thecutting edge. P

It will be seen that I have provided a cutting tool shaped during its manufacture with any desired cutting angle and that without further alteration of its cross sec tion, it may be mounted in its holder, with the proper side clearance at a cutting edge.

Further, each tool has a cutting edge, each end of which is adapted for either right vo1.

left hand cutting. Further, each such tool has, two cutting edges at each end, each end of each edge being adaptable for either right tools are shown. Although these holders understood that holders having heads varihave a straight shank and head it is to be ously inclined to the shank are comprebonded by my invention. In Figs. 1 and 2,

I have shown a holder, 4, adapted to receive and position with the desired side clearance, a cutting tool 1, for right and left hand cutting, respectively. In Figs. 8 and 9 V a similar holder 12 suitable for use only in right hand cutting is disclosed.

The opening 2 in the head of the holder extends downwardly and rearwardly to incline the cutting tool relative to the holder as is common practice. The inclination of the side wall 2 of the opening which is to be adjacent the work, preferably varies with the cross section of the tool to be mounted in the opening. For example, an inclination of about 7 degrees to the verticalwould be suitable when tool 1 having a cutting angle of about 60, is to be mounted, while an inclination of about 5, is suitable for a tool having a cutting angle of about 75. The desired side clearance of the tool is thus provided by proper inclination of the wall of the tool opening in the holder.

The bottom wall of the opening 2 and the side wall 2 opposite the work preferably conform to the surfaces of the tool which is I practically all parts of the flattened end 5" with the plane surface of the tool. Such inclination of the set screw and the broad contact thereof with the tool forces the latter a ainst the side. and bottom walls ofthe opening 2 and holds it firmly in place. Since itis desirable to locate the set screw 5 relative to the tool described, a holder for both right and left hand cutting has two set screw holes 5, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, one-for use when the tool is positioned for right hand cutting, and the other for use when the tool is positloned for left hand cutting.

For purpose of illustration I have shown and described two modifications of both outso inclined as to position the tool with suit-' each e ting tool and holder constructed in accordance with m invention but I do not wish to be limited t ereto since various other modifications comprehended by my invention may suggest themselves to persons skilled in the art. The scope of my invention is defined in what is claimed.

What is claimed:

1. In a device for cutting metal in combination, a cuttin tool having a cutting edge, each end of t e said edge being adapted for either right or left hand cutting without alteration of the cross section of the tool, and a holder having an opening adapted to receive the said tool for either right or left hand cutting and to position it with suitable side clearance at the cutting edge.

2. In a device for cutting metals in combination, a cutting tool having a plurality of cutting edges, each end of each edge being adaptable for either right or left hand cutting without alteration of the cross section of the tool, and a holder having an opening adapted to mount the said tool for either right or left hand cutting, the side and bottom walls of the opening conforming to the shape of the tool and being inclined to position the tool with suitable side clearance at a cutting edge.

3. In a device for cutting metals in combination, a cutting tool having a plurality 7 of lon itudinally extending cutting ed es,

g'e adapted for either right or left hand cuttin and a holder havin an openin ada to to receive the sai eit er rlght or lefthand cutting, the side and bottom walls of the said opening being able side clearance at cutting ed e.

4. In a device for. cutting meta sin combination, a cutting tool having a plurality of cuttin angles and a cuttin ed e at each said 'an e, each end of eac edge being adaptab e for either right or left hand cut bination, a cuttin tool for ,to osition an edge of the said tool for eitherrig t or left hand cutting, the wall of said opening adjacent such cuttin edge being inclined to the extent and in t e irection of the side clearance required by the said cutin a line substantially perpendicular to the adjacent face ofthe tool when the latter is positioned for either right or left hand cutting, and engaging the said face to retain the tool in position inthe opening in the holder.

'6. In a device for cuttin metals in comhavin edge ormed by two substantially equal side surfaces meeting at an acute angle, and further characterized by having a quadrangul'ar cross section, and a holder adapted to position the said tool with pro er side clearance and top rake at the sai cutting edge. As a new article 'of manufacture, a cutting tool characterized by having a lon- 'tudinally extending cutting edge-formed E; two substantially equal side surfaces meeting at anacute angle and further char acterized by having a quadrangular cross section, whereb each end of the said cutting edge is adapts to either right or left hand In testimony whereof I-hereuntoalfix my signature.

PATRICK T. LENNON.

tool c aracteri'zed by a longitudmally extending cutting 

